Andrew-Linux - Carnegie Mellon
ArchLinux - i686 (PentiumII ) tar.gz based distro.
ASLinux - Intel-32/Debian Sarge based Spanish
Bad Penguin - Italian
BlueCat Linux from LynuxWorks - Embedded real-time
BRLSPEAK Linux Mini-distro - A Braille and Speech Mini-Distribution of Linux for the blind
Centos Linux - Red Hat Enterprise Linux compatable distribution.
Chaos Linux - openMosix cluster, single system image (SSI), minimal (6Mb) 586 distribution.
Conectiva Linux - Brazilian. Uses RPM aware version of Debian apt-get
Coyote Linux - based on the Linux Router Project
Cyrillic - Russian
Debian/GNU
Engarde Secure Linux - Internet server with a security emphasis. Includes intrusion alert capabilities, improved authentication and access control, and complete SSL secure web-based administration.
Esware Linux - Spanish version - KDE
Fedora - Free Red Hat based distro.
WireSpring: FireCast - Public Kiosk
Gentoo - Source based Linux made to look like BSD. Uses Portage package management system.
Support for native XFS with V1.0 .
Helix - Knoppix Live based Linux. Bootable live CD with applications dedicated to Incident Response and Forensics.
MontaVista - Carrier grade, MobiLinux real-time, embedded, ... Linux. Also cross development for MIPS.
Knoppix - Lightweight. Good for a Linux demo and rescue disk. Debian/KDE based. German distribution
Leetnux - all user control. Nothing is automatically done.
Lineox - Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) clone.
Linspire - It is Debian/KDE based with a fully configured desktop. Strong desktop/laptop application focus
LoopLinux - can be run from DOS.
Mandriva - Mandriva = Mandrake Connectiva Lycoris
Mepis - Debian based Linux with an emphasis on the desktop using KDE.
Nimblex Linux - Based on Slackware and KDE. Lean 100Mb and 200Mb versions.
OWL - Security-enhanced linux
Phat Linux - Installs in directory on Windows system C: drive.
Quantian Linux - Knoppix cluster multi-variety type
Red Hat
Red Hawk Linux - Real-time linux
Rocklinux - DIY Linux literally everything
Scyld Computing - Beowulf clusters
Slackware
Small Linux
SOL - Server Optimized Linux. Independent of other distros. XML based configuration and boot.
Stampede - outdated builds. Hope for a new release soon.
Novell S.u.S.E.
TimeSys LinuxLink - real-time linux.
TurboLinux - US and Japanese
White Box Enterprise Linux - version of Red Hat
Ubuntu - Debian based Linux with new package releases every six months.
Vector Linux - Slackware-based
Vyatta
Win4Lin - Microsoft desktop application friendly
Yellow Dog
YesLinux
ZeroShell